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	<title>Health &#38; FamilyCategory: AIDS &#124; Health &#38; Family &#124; TIME.com</title>
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		<title>Health &#38; FamilyCategory: AIDS &#124; Health &#38; Family &#124; TIME.com</title>
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		<title>Government-Backed Group Calls for Universal HIV Testing of Adults</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2013/04/30/panel-releases-recommendation-for-widespread-hiv-testing/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2013/04/30/panel-releases-recommendation-for-widespread-hiv-testing/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Apr 2013 09:45:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alexandra Sifferlin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anti-HIV drugs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antiretroviral drugs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[preventing HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[USPSTF]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=85812</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[For the first time, a federally convened panel of experts is recommending HIV testing for all adults based on evidence that early detection of the virus could lead to more effective treatment of infection. Nearly 1.2 million Americans are living with HIV and about 5o,000 become newly infected with the virus every year, according to the latest statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). And an estimated 20% to 25% of HIV-positive individuals are not aware they are infected. That could change if HIV testing became more routine, which is the intent of the latest recommendation from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), which calls for HIV testing of everyone aged 15 to 65, including pregnant women, during regular checkups. The CDC already calls for testing of all adults, regardless of their risk status. (MORE: Rethinking HIV: After Five Years of Debate, a New Push for Prevention) In 2005, the panel reviewed the latest studies at the time and advised that only those at highest risk of being exposed to HIV&#8211;  including people who received blood transfusions before banks began screening for the virus, people who used intravenous drugs and those who had unprotected sex with multiple partners &#8212; be screened. But in the intervening years, new studies on anti-HIV drugs showed that the medications could keep the virus at bay and possibly even prevent infections from progressing.  The drugs were most effective, however, if patients took them soon after becoming exposed, so regular HIV screening could help more people to become aware of their status and take advantage of the therapies. The task force is recommending that  those younger than 15 or older than 65 be screened only if they are at increased risk getting infected. All pregnant women should  be screened, including women in labor who are unaware of their HIV status, since administering anti-HIV medications can significantly lower the risk of transmitting the virus from mother to child. Researchers even reported success in functionally curing a newborn of HIV infection after the infant,<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=85812&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/85757340-1.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">asifferlin</media:title>
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	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Why Circumcision Lowers Risk of HIV</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2013/04/17/why-circumcision-lowers-risk-of-hiv/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2013/04/17/why-circumcision-lowers-risk-of-hiv/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Apr 2013 14:47:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Infectious Disease]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bacteria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[circumcision]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV prevention]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[microbes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[microbiome]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[penis]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=84753</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Promising trials hinted that circumcision could lower rates of HIV infection, but until now, researchers didn’t fully understand why. Now, in a study published in the journal mBio, scientists say that changes in the population of bacteria living on and around the penis may be partly responsible. Relying on the latest technology that make sequencing the genes of organisms faster and more accessible, Lance Price of the Translational Genomics Research institute (TGen) and his colleagues conducted a detailed genetic analysis of the microbial inhabitants of the penis among a group of Ugandan men who provided samples before circumcision and again a year later. (MORE:  If Circumcision Rates Keep Falling, Health Costs and Infections Will Spike) While the men showed similar communities of microbes before the operation, 12 months later, the circumcised men harbored dramatically fewer bacteria that survive in low oxygen conditions. They also had 81% less bacteria overall compared to the uncircumcised men, and that could have a dramatic effect on the men’s ability to fight off infections like HIV, says Price. Previous studies showed that circumcised men lowered their risk of transmitting HIV by as much as 50%, making the operation an important tool in preventing infection with the virus. Why? A high burden of bacteria could disrupt the ability of specialized immune cells known as Langerhans cells to activate immune defenses. Normally, Langerhans are responsible for grabbing invading microbes like bacteria or viruses and presenting them to immune cells for training, to prime the body to recognize and react against the pathogens. But when the bacterial load increases, as it does in the uncircumcised penile environment, inflammatory reactions increase and these cells actually start to infect healthy cells with the offending microbe rather than merely present them. (MORE: Can New Circumcision Devices Help Fight AIDS in Africa?) That may be why uncircumcised men are more likely to transmit HIV than men without the foreskin, says Price, since the Langerhans cells could be feeding HIV directly to healthy cells. His group is also investigating how changes in the<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=84753&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/159115771.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">159115771</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">apark7</media:title>
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		<title>Anti-HIV Antibodies May Spur AIDS Vaccine Development</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2013/04/04/anti-hiv-antibodies-may-spur-aids-vaccine-development/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2013/04/04/anti-hiv-antibodies-may-spur-aids-vaccine-development/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Apr 2013 09:45:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aids vaccine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anti-HIV antibodies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[broadly neutralizing antibodies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hiv vaccine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[neutralizing antibodies]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=83820</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Researchers report a breakthrough in generating powerful antibodies that can neutralize HIV. An HIV infection is really an intensive molecular arms race launched from the minute the virus infects a new host. AIDS progresses not because the body isn’t capable of fighting off HIV – it is. But the immune defenses eventually succumb to the virus in the final standoff. Now researchers, led by Barton Haynes, director of the Duke University Human Vaccine Institute at Duke University School of Medicine, believe they have found a way to tip the odds in the immune system’s favor. From the moment of infection, the immune system goes on alert and immediately generates antibodies designed to attach to and destroy HIV. And for the first few weeks, these antibodies are successful, eliminating all but a few viruses that remain hidden away from the body’s surveillance systems. These viral stalwarts then mutate to escape detection and start to flourish, expanding until new antibodies are generated to dispatch them. That launches another wave of viral destruction that pushes HIV to mutate yet again, prompting another immune attack, and so on, until eventually the body isn’t able to keep up with the virus and pushes out poor, or no more additional antibodies that can neutralize HIV. (MORE: A Newborn May Be Cured of HIV. Is the End of AIDS Near?) That’s the scenario in about 80% of those who are infected with HIV. But in a fortunate 20%, this arms race is stacked in the host’s favor, with antibodies that are able to neutralize not just the latest, specific mutated version of HIV but a broader range of viral marauders. Such broadly neutralizing antibodies are the holy grail of AIDS vaccine researchers, who hope to corral these agents in an immunization that can protect against infection. But most attempts to convince the body to churn out these antibodies haven’t been successful, primarily because the antibodies take on an unusual shape that marks them for destruction by the very immune system that generated them. In addition, these antibodies<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=83820&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://healthland.time.com/2013/04/04/anti-hiv-antibodies-may-spur-aids-vaccine-development/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/121845339.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">121845339</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">apark7</media:title>
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		<title>A Newborn May Be Cured of HIV. Is the End of AIDS Near?</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2013/03/04/a-newborn-may-be-cured-of-hiv-is-the-end-of-aids-near/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2013/03/04/a-newborn-may-be-cured-of-hiv-is-the-end-of-aids-near/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Mar 2013 19:56:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aids babies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amfAR]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[curing aids]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mother-to-child transmission of hiv]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[preventing HIV]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=81532</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Researchers say a newborn baby born with HIV has been functionally cured of the disease. Could it lead to a cure for HIV? At the annual Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Atlanta, scientists led by Dr. Deborah Persaud of Johns Hopkins University said that they had essentially cured a Mississippi baby of the HIV infection transmitted from its mother. The case is apparently the first in which a newborn was cured of the disease; only one other patient, Timothy Brown, known as the Berlin patient, is also believed to be cured. Brown was able to rid himself of the virus with a transplant of bone-marrow cells containing stem cells from a donor who had immune components able to thwart HIV. Brown received the transplant in 2006 and no longer needs to take anti-HIV drugs. The baby’s mother was diagnosed with HIV when she arrived in the hospital to give birth; she had not received prenatal care, which includes therapies that can reduce transmission of HIV from mother to child by close to 100% if used properly. Doctors typically give infected mothers anti-HIV drugs several weeks or months before they give birth, as well as during labor, and continue the medications for the baby’s first six weeks. Even initiating the drugs during labor can significantly lower the risk of transmitting the virus; in the U.S., only about 25% of babies born to HIV positive mothers who don&#8217;t receive any treatment are infected with the virus, and that drops to a few percent with such interventions. (MORE: Rethinking HIV: After Five Years of Debate, a New Push for Prevention) If their mothers are HIV positive, newborns are generally given two antiretroviral drugs, or ARVs, on a just-in-case basis; at 6 weeks old, they are tested for the virus, and if they are positive, then their drug regimen is bumped up to a more aggressive therapy involving three anti-HIV drugs. If the babies are negative, they stop taking the medications. In the Mississippi baby’s case, since the mother had not received<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=81532&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/hlt-hiv-baby-130304.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">Dr. Deborah Persaud of Johns Hopkins&#039; Children&#039;s Center in Baltimore.</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/69fc92d1c4598c5b98d03fde16cdfa74?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">apark7</media:title>
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		<title>Youth More Aware of AIDS, but Too Many Still Don&#8217;t Know Their HIV Status</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/11/28/youth-more-aware-of-aids-but-too-many-still-dont-know-their-hiv-status/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/11/28/youth-more-aware-of-aids-but-too-many-still-dont-know-their-hiv-status/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Nov 2012 13:00:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alexandra Sifferlin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prevention]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Health]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=74778</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As World AIDS Day approaches Dec. 1, public health experts are turning the focus on teens and young adults who make up a remarkably high proportion of HIV infections in the U.S. According to a recent report from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), too few youth are getting tested for HIV. People ages 13 to 24 make up more than a quarter of new HIV infections in the U.S. each year, and over half of those youth infected with HIV are unaware that they are HIV-positive. &#8220;Given everything we know about HIV and how to prevent it after more than 30 years of fighting the disease, it is just unacceptable that young people are becoming infected at such high rates,&#8221; CDC director Dr. Thomas R. Frieden said in a teleconference. (MORE: Rethinking HIV: After Five Years of Debate, a New Push for Prevention) Published online as part of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, the latest analysis looked at a diverse population of  youth in the 2009 and 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System for 9th to 12th grade students and the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for young adults between ages 18 to 24. The reports shows an estimated 12,200 new HIV infections among them in 2010. Groups with the highest rates include bisexual and gay young men and African-Americans. In 2010 alone, 72% of new infections were among young men who have sex with men (MSM) and 57% were among African Americans. Rates of HIV vary significantly by population and are most common in lower income communities, where lack of access to health care, stigma and discrimination as well as a prevalence of unrecognized and untreated infections allow the virus to spread. &#8220;As we work to drive down new HIV infections in all populations, we have to give particular attention to the next generation, especially African Americans and gay and bisexual young men,&#8221; Frieden said. &#8220;Every young person should know how to protect themselves from HIV and should be empowered to do so.&#8221; The CDC has long pushed for widespread<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=74778&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/10107596.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">10107596</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">asifferlin</media:title>
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		<title>Rethinking HIV: After Five Years of Debate, a New Push for Prevention</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/11/21/recommendations-for-routine-hiv-testing-represent-advances-in-preventing-hiv/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/11/21/recommendations-for-routine-hiv-testing-represent-advances-in-preventing-hiv/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:30:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alexandra Sifferlin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=74327</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[After decades of focusing almost exclusively on treating HIV, public health experts are now considering a new approach, moving to establish more effective prevention strategies to curb spread of the disease. Recent tests show that anti-HIV drugs that can hamper the growth of the virus responsible for AIDS may also prevent progression of the disease if given to infected individuals soon after their exposure to HIV. The same drugs can also prevent infections from taking hold among healthy people who are exposed to the virus; both approaches would be critical ways of controlling spread of the virus and keeping new cases of HIV to a minimum. With this potential in mind, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issued a draft recommendation urging that all people between the ages of 15 and 65 be tested for the virus as part of routine health screening, even if they are not at  high risk of exposure to HIV. (MORE: Treatment as Prevention: How the New Way to Control HIV Came to Be) The independent panel of health experts examined recent scientific evidence, including trials that aimed to use anti-HIV drugs to prevent the disease (so-called pre-exposure prophylaxis), and concluded that prompt diagnosis leads to earlier use of effective treatments — and more promising outcomes. Their conclusion: Making HIV screening as routine as cholesterol testing will allow more people to know their status and take advantage of favorable therapies. One in five people living with HIV in the U.S. are not aware of their positive status, and even among those at higher risk, such as gay and bisexual men, testing rates are low: nearly 75% had received medical care but 48% were not tested for HIV, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). (MORE: Early Treatment With Anti-HIV Drugs Stops Transmission Between Partners) The task force released a draft of their recommendation proposal, which is open to public comments through December 17. The new guidelines recommend doctors screen individuals over age 15 and under 65 as well as all pregnant women. &#8220;Screening individuals between ages 15<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=74327&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/85757340.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">asifferlin</media:title>
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		<title>How to Survive a Plague: Q&amp;A with Act-Up&#8217;s Peter Staley on Effective Activism</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/09/27/how-to-survive-a-plague-qa-with-act-ups-peter-staley-on-effective-activism/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/09/27/how-to-survive-a-plague-qa-with-act-ups-peter-staley-on-effective-activism/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Sep 2012 16:56:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Maia Szalavitz</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Act-Up]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[FDA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[health activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How to Survive a Plague]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peter Staley]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pharmaceutical industry]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=70217</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When Act-Up was formed in 1987 to fight AIDS, its founders had no idea how successful they would be. As the brilliant new documentary, How to Survive a Plague, recounts, they would soon become the most effective health activists in history, pressuring drug companies, government agencies and other powers that stood in their way to find better treatments for people with AIDS — and, in the process, improving the way drugs are tested and approved in the U.S. But Act-Up didn’t win just by sheer political stagecraft; indeed, the group often worked together with the same drug companies and regulators it targeted in the streets — strategies that hold important lessons for anyone who wants to change government policy, particularly in health care. Healthland recently spoke with Peter Staley, one of the key activists featured in the film, which opened nationwide last week. A former bond trader, Staley quit his job to become one of Act-Up’s most effective strategists. (MORE: AIDS at 30: Medical Milestones in the Battle Against a Modern Plague) As someone who covered Act-Up in the 1990s, one of the things that amazed me was how you moved from getting “drugs into bodies” — the idea that AIDS patients need something, anything, now — to a much more sophisticated understanding of the science of AIDS treatment. You even moved the FDA and the NIH along with you. The NIH got [the first drugs, including AZT] out quickly, and we wanted them out quickly, and no one regarded them coming out quickly [as a problem]. [But] it took us a while before we got answers to ‘Do these really drugs prolong lives the way we’re using them?’ and we ended up being sorely disappointed. And, so, when a new class of drugs came out, we really wanted people to know what worked and how to use them. We thought, instead of just opening the floodgates and allowing expanded access [which Act-Up had pushed for] with no information gathering, we would expand access, but gather information from it and find out<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=70217&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/still-1a.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
		<media:thumbnail url="http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/still-1a.jpg?w=240" />
		<media:content url="http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/still-1a.jpg?w=240" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">STILL 1a</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/0a5ac57e99124922fa628492ad3db6b2?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">MaiaSzalavitz</media:title>
		</media:content>
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		<title>Study: HIV Rates in Gay Black Men Are Alarmingly High</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/23/study-hiv-rates-in-gay-black-men-are-alarmingly-high/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/23/study-hiv-rates-in-gay-black-men-are-alarmingly-high/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Jul 2012 17:59:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alexandra Sifferlin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gay black men]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[men]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=64453</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A study of black gay and bisexual men in six U.S. cities finds that rates of HIV are increasing at a troublesome pace: each year, nearly 3% of gay black men become infected with HIV, a 50% higher rate than among their white counterparts. The new-infection rate in gay black men under 30 is even higher, at 6% a year, according to the new data presented Monday at the annual International AIDS Conference in Washington, D.C. These numbers are comparable to HIV rates seen in sub-Saharan Africa, in countries that are hardest hit by HIV, the authors of the study note. &#8220;This is extremely concerning,&#8221; Kenneth Mayer, medical research director at Fenway Health, a leading HIV/AIDS clinic in Boston, and co-chair of the study, told USA Today. &#8220;Here we are, this far into the epidemic, and we have these rates.&#8221; (MORE: HIV Continues To Spread Among Gay Men) The new numbers come from the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN), a study funded by the National Institutes of Health. The study, conducted between 2009 and 2011, involved 1,553 gay and bisexual men from Atlanta, Boston, New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Washington, D.C. The majority of the men in the study identified themselves as black. Not all the men identified themselves as gay or bisexual, but all the participants were having unprotected sex with men. More than 97% of men enrolled were willing to have an HIV test, and the results suggest that many men are not fully aware of their HIV risk: among those who thought they were HIV-negative or didn&#8217;t know their status, 12% tested positive. &#8220;The&#8230;study findings are a sobering wake-up call,&#8221; said study author Dr. Wafaa El-Sadr in a statement. (MORE: Treatment as Prevention: How the New Way to Control HIV Came to Be) Last week, another new study [PDF] by the Black AIDS Institute also highlighted the alarming rate of infection among black men who have sex with men (MSM). While only 1 in 500 Americans is a black gay or bisexual male, they account for<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=64453&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/6065-001340.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
		<media:thumbnail url="http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/6065-001340.jpg?w=240" />
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			<media:title type="html">6065-001340</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/dd9dc95ff828efb70c16a5a509a75150?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">asifferlin</media:title>
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		<title>HIV Treatment Results Are Improving — But Maybe Not as Much as We Thought</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/23/hiv-treatment-results-are-improving-but-maybe-not-as-much-as-we-thought/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/23/hiv-treatment-results-are-improving-but-maybe-not-as-much-as-we-thought/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Jul 2012 16:58:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Laura Blue</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Health Care]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Health Insurance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Policy & Industry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prevention]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Research]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sexual Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antiretroviral drugs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[international aids conference]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=64461</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Nearly three quarters of U.S. HIV patients now receive antiretroviral treatment and are keeping their viral loads in check, according to a large national study released this week. The study shows dramatic improvements in therapy coverage over just the past decade — but not as large a gain as previously estimated, medical researchers say. Researchers from the schools of medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and at Johns Hopkins University collected records from more than 32,000 HIV patients, repeatedly tested for viral load at 12 clinics across the U.S. between 2001 and 2010. The study, published this week in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), found that 72% of HIV-infected patients in 2010 had sustained viral  suppression — that is, no sign of the virus for a full calendar year — compared with just 45% of patients in 2001. Viral suppression is very important, both because HIV viral load is linked to symptom progression among patients, and also because it&#8217;s a marker of patients&#8217; infectiousness. People with HIV who receive effective treatment not only have lower risk of progressing to full-blown AIDS; they are also much less likely to spread the virus than are patients with insufficient treatment. However, that 72% figure — the proportion receiving treatment and controlling their viral load — is still lower than some previous recent estimates, according to the authors of the new study. While previous research has found successful viral suppression among a larger proportion of HIV-infected people, some 77% to 87%, those studies had used a more lenient definition of viral suppression. It was often based on just one measurement value, rather than a longstanding record of viral-load measurements, as used in the current study. There may be many reasons for the improvement over time in treatment results. The study authors say that new drugs and fixed-dose tablets in the past decade have made antiretroviral therapy more effective, and with fewer side effects. That helps patients stick to their drug regimens, and keep viral loads in check. The authors say that better<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=64461&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/antiretroviral-drugs-for-hiv.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
		<media:thumbnail url="http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/antiretroviral-drugs-for-hiv.jpg?w=240" />
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			<media:title type="html">antiretroviral drugs for HIV</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/a069e8b4ff0dc386def0882f71bbfee6?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">Laura Blue</media:title>
		</media:content>
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		<title>HIV Patients Should Start Drug Treatment Right Away, New Guidelines Say</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/23/new-advice-calls-for-putting-all-hiv-patients-on-drug-treatment/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/23/new-advice-calls-for-putting-all-hiv-patients-on-drug-treatment/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Jul 2012 12:00:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antiretroviral drugs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[arvs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[international aids conference]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=64412</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Putting new theories into practice is the goal, as thousands of scientists, doctors and people living with HIV gather this week at the annual International AIDS Conference in Washington, D.C., the first time the conference is being held on U.S. soil in 22 years.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=64412&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/128626929.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
		<media:thumbnail url="http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/128626929.jpg?w=240" />
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			<media:title type="html">HIV triple combination therapy</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/69fc92d1c4598c5b98d03fde16cdfa74?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">apark7</media:title>
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		<title>HIV Continues to Spread Among Gay Men, Studies Show</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/20/hiv-continues-to-spread-among-gay-men-studies-show/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/20/hiv-continues-to-spread-among-gay-men-studies-show/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Jul 2012 13:45:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[condoms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gay men]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=64333</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As the world’s leading AIDS researchers gather for the International AIDS Conference in Washington, D.C., scientists report that despite gains in controlling the spread of HIV, the disease has continued to spread at an alarming rate in the very population in which it first appeared — gay men. In a series of papers in the Lancet dedicated to the dynamics of HIV among gay men — a group epidemiologists define as men who have sex with men (MSM) — scientists say that the continued burden of AIDS in this group is due to a combination of lifestyle and biological factors that put these men at higher risk. Rates are rising in all countries around the world. (MORE: Treatment as Prevention: How the New Way to Control HIV Came to Be) In one study, led by Chris Beyrer, of the Center for Public Health and Human Rights at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, researchers analyzed surveillance reports and studies of HIV among MSM, including data that were part of routine United Nations reporting from member nations. Rates of HIV among gay men ranged from 3% in the Middle East to 25% in the Caribbean. In all reporting nations, rates were on the rise, even in developed nations like the U.S., Australia and the U.K. where HIV is declining overall. In fact, says Beyrer, income does not seem to matter when it comes to HIV trends among MSM. In the U.S., for example, infection rates among gay men have been increasing by 8% each year since 2001, contributing to a 15% prevalence rate and putting the U.S. on par with countries like Thailand, Malaysia and some African and Caribbean nations where neither awareness of HIV/AIDS nor drug treatments are as widespread. HIV prevalence rates among MSM in Brazil, Canada, Italy and India range between 11% and 15%, while many western European countries have lower rates of around 6%. Public health experts have been concerned about the rising rates among MSM for years now, viewing the current epidemic as the second<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=64333&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>Public Health</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/public-health/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/964749-001hivmsmcrop.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">Man with male friend with AIDS</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/69fc92d1c4598c5b98d03fde16cdfa74?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">apark7</media:title>
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		<title>Truvada: 5 Things to Know About the First Drug to Prevent HIV</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/17/truvada-5-things-to-know-about-the-first-drug-to-prevent-hiv/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/07/17/truvada-5-things-to-know-about-the-first-drug-to-prevent-hiv/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jul 2012 18:20:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[FDA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gilead]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[truvada]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=64110</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Doctors now have another weapon against HIV/AIDS in their arsenal, and it’s a potent one. For the first time, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a drug treatment that will prevent infection in healthy people. The drug, called Truvada, which is already approved for the treatment of HIV in infected patients, works by lowering the amount of virus circulating in people’s blood. But clinical trials show that it can also protect uninfected high-risk people from acquiring the virus, if they take the drug daily before and after exposure. The approval is controversial. Some public health experts argue that allowing the drug to be used for prevention will foster a false sense of security among users, leading people to believe mistakenly that they are immune to the virus and reduce their use of condoms. However, the FDA determined that the benefits of expanding the pool of people who may use Truvada to protect against HIV made it worth approving. Here’s what you need to know. (MORE: Treatment as Prevention: How the New Way to Control HIV Came to Be) Who can take Truvada? The drug, made by Gilead Sciences Inc., is approved for healthy, uninfected people who are at high risk of contracting HIV through sex. These include sex workers and people with partners who are HIV-positive or engage in high-risk behaviors, such as using IV drugs. How effective is the drug in preventing HIV? In one study, healthy gay and bisexual men who took Truvada daily and were counseled about safe sex practices lowered their risk of becoming infected by up to 42%. In another study involving heterosexual couples in which one partner was HIV-positive, the uninfected partner had a 75% lower risk of contracting HIV if they took Truvada. Does Truvada cure AIDS? No. The drug can treat people who are infected with HIV by lowering the amount of virus in their bodies and slowing down the progression of the disease. In healthy, uninfected people, the drug can thwart HIV’s ability to take hold in healthy cells<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=64110&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/107091581truvadacrop.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">Truvada</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/69fc92d1c4598c5b98d03fde16cdfa74?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">apark7</media:title>
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		<title>How the Global War on Drugs Drives HIV and AIDS</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/06/28/how-the-global-war-on-drugs-drives-hiv-and-aids/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/06/28/how-the-global-war-on-drugs-drives-hiv-and-aids/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 28 Jun 2012 23:05:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Maia Szalavitz</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Addiction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aids iv drug use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drug war]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Drugs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global commission on drug policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[injection drug use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intravenous drug use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iv drug use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[methadone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[needle exchange]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[needle exchange funding ban]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[war on drugs]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=62917</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The war on drugs is driving much of the global AIDS pandemic, increasing new infections among injection-drug users in the U.S. and elsewhere, according to a new report from the Global Commission on Drug Policy. The commission — led by a distinguished panel including the former presidents of Mexico, Poland, Colombia, Brazil and Switzerland, along with Virgin Airlines entrepreneur Richard Branson, the former chair of the Federal Reserve, Paul Volcker, and former Secretary of State George Schulz, among others — finds in its report that about one-third of all new infections outside of sub-Sarahan Africa occur in injection-drug users. (MORE: Global Illegal Drug Use — 5 Things You Need to Know) Since the 1990s, effective public-health strategies to curb HIV transmission in drug users have led to drops in new infections in most countries. But over the same time period, seven countries have seen a 25% increase in new infections. Not coincidentally, five of these countries — mainly in Eastern Europe and Central Asia — employ aggressive drug war strategies, such as arresting and incarcerating users for drug or needle possession. These tactics have been shown to be ineffective not only for controlling drug use, but also for reining in the spread of HIV. Why? Because the fear of recrimination prevents drug users from seeking clean needles — a major risk factor for HIV infection. In the U.S. as well, areas with the highest infection rates are those that have the most aggressive drug policies, the report shows. The solution is straightforward, if drastic; it requires a complete overhaul of current drug policy: drug users need treatment, not imprisonment, and drug possession needs to be decriminalized, the authors argue. Look no further than New York City, the epicenter of the American HIV epidemic among drug users in the late 1980s and early &#8217;90s, as testament to the effects of a policy about-face. Twenty-five years ago, city law enforcement was battling outdoor drug markets by arresting users en masse; at the same time, the city reported a 50% HIV infection rate<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=62917&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://healthland.time.com/2012/06/28/how-the-global-war-on-drugs-drives-hiv-and-aids/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
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	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/600_hl_syringe_0630.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">MaiaSzalavitz</media:title>
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		<title>Aspirin? Check. Shampoo? Check. Free HIV Test — Check?</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/06/27/aspirin-check-shampoo-check-free-hiv-test-check/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/06/27/aspirin-check-shampoo-check-free-hiv-test-check/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Jun 2012 16:27:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alexandra Sifferlin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[AIDS testing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CDC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV testing]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=62900</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Free HIV tests may be coming to a drugstore near you, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced on Tuesday. The CDC is rolling out a pilot program to see if it can making HIV testing as routine as a blood-pressure check. The $1.2 million program will offer free and fast HIV tests in pharmacies and in-store clinics in 12 cities and 12 rural areas. The trial program, which is targeting areas with high HIV infection rates or low rates of testing, will inform the development of a nationwide model to allow pharmacists and retail clinic staff to do widespread, routine HIV screening. “We know that getting people tested, diagnosed and linked to care are critical steps in reducing new HIV infections,” Dr. Kevin Fenton, director of CDC’s National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, said in a statement. “By bringing HIV testing into pharmacies, we believe we can reach more people by making testing more accessible and also reduce the stigma associated with HIV.&#8221; (VIDEO: Q&#38;A With Bono on the Global Fight Against HIV/AIDS) The Associated Press reports that the tests are already available in seven locations, including Washington, D.C., Oakland, Calif., and an Indian health service clinic in Montana. The CDC will determine 17 more locations soon. During the two-year pilot program, the CDC will train staff in community pharmacies and retail clinics; the hope is that such venues, which are convenient and easily accessible, will help more Americans get tested for HIV. Millions of consumers enter pharmacies every week, and the CDC estimates that 30% of the U.S. population lives within a 10-minute drive of a retail clinic. Compared with conventional health-care settings and HIV-testing sites, pharmacies and clinics might make it easier for people who are anxious about getting tested. An estimated 1.1 million Americans have HIV, but nearly 20% don&#8217;t know they&#8217;re infected. “Our goal is to make HIV testing as routine as a blood pressure check,” Dr. Jonathan Mermin, director of CDC’s Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, said in the statement. “This initiative is one<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=62900&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/06/102561378.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">asifferlin</media:title>
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		<title>FDA Panel to Vote on Approval of First Drug to Prevent HIV</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/05/10/fda-panel-to-vote-on-approval-of-truvada-for-hiv-prevention/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/05/10/fda-panel-to-vote-on-approval-of-truvada-for-hiv-prevention/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 May 2012 13:45:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pharmaceuticals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Policy & Industry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antiretroviral drugs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[emtricitabine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gilead]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV prevention]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prep]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tenofovir]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[truvada]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=59185</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A Food and Drug Administration (FDA) panel is debating whether to make history by recommending approval of the first drug to prevent HIV infection. The advisory committee is expected to vote on Thursday on whether the new indication for the drug Truvada, which has been approved since 2004 to treat people already infected with HIV, is warranted. The experts are basing their decision on groundbreaking studies conducted among gay men and heterosexual couples at high risk of becoming infected with HIV. Those trials showed that Truvada cut the risk of new infection by at least 44% in healthy gay and bisexual men when combined with condoms and counseling, and by 73% in heterosexual couples in which one partner had HIV but the other did not. An FDA review of Truvada — a pill that combines two HIV-fighting antiretroviral drugs, tenofovir (Viread) and emtricitabine (Emtriva) — released on Tuesday ahead of the vote suggested that the drug was safe and effective for preventing HIV. It said that people at risk for HIV &#8220;may be spared infection with a serious and life-threatening illness&#8221; if they use Truvada daily along with other prevention methods. As for Truvada&#8217;s safety, the FDA said the drug &#8220;appeared to be well tolerated among HIV-uninfected individuals.&#8221; Doctors already use Truvada off-label as a prevention tool, but FDA approval of the drug for that indication would allow its maker, Gilead Sciences Inc., to market it for that purpose. And given that an HIV vaccine is still a long way off, approval of Truvada would mark another milestone in the battle against HIV and AIDS, and for the antiretroviral (ARV) drugs that have already changed the course of the epidemic. (MORE: Treatment as Prevention: How the New Way to Control HIV Came to Be) Physicians and AIDS advocacy groups have been divided over whether the FDA should approve the new indication. Some groups are eager to welcome another option for preventing HIV. “When a drug is safe and effective for a particular use, and there is a real need —<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=59185&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/truvada.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">truvada</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">apark7</media:title>
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		<title>Study Explains How the First Effective HIV Vaccine Worked</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/04/05/study-explains-how-the-first-effective-hiv-vaccine-worked/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/04/05/study-explains-how-the-first-effective-hiv-vaccine-worked/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Apr 2012 19:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vaccines]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aids vaccine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hiv vaccine]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=56813</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In 2009, researchers reported that an AIDS vaccine had for the first time protected people against HIV. Since then, the researchers have been wondering, How did it work? One of the biggest black boxes in AIDS research remains the important question of what actually protects the body from HIV. Is it antibodies to the virus? Or is it immune cells that are targeted to recognize and eliminate HIV? AIDS researchers have only been able to guess at what these critical weapons against HIV could be, which is partly why their efforts to create a vaccine have thus far been marked by a long line of failed attempts. But when the RV144 trial in Thailand showed promise in 2009, scientists finally had something to work with. The vaccine was only modestly effective — protecting just 31% of heterosexual adults from infection — especially compared with inoculations against other common infectious agents like measles or mumps, which are 95% to 98% effective. But it was a start. (MORE: AIDS Vaccine: The Promise of HIV Antibodies) Studying blood samples from the original Thai trial, Dr. Barton Haynes, director of the Duke Human Vaccine Institute of Duke University, and his colleagues report this week in the New England Journal of Medicine that they have begun to understand how the vaccine worked. Two HIV-binding antibodies may play an important role in determining whether the virus can gain a foothold in healthy cells and start an infection, the researchers say. The scientists began with blood samples from 246 trial participants who were vaccinated; 41 people later became infected with HIV and 205 did not. After a two-year search for the right antibodies or other factors that could be responsible for protection against HIV, they zeroed in on 17 assays that were “sensitive, specific and could pick up something this vaccine did to allow us to compare before and after,” says Haynes. The researchers then focused on six of the strongest variables, and then compared those who got infected with those who did not. The groups differed<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=56813&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/92291729hivvaccinecrop.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">Vaccine needle</media:title>
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			<media:title type="html">apark7</media:title>
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		<title>Can New Circumcision Devices Help Fight AIDS in Africa?</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/02/01/can-new-circumcision-devices-help-fight-aids-in-africa/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/02/01/can-new-circumcision-devices-help-fight-aids-in-africa/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Feb 2012 10:00:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alexandra Sifferlin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=52766</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It’s a lofty, but vital goal. Africa wants to circumcise 20 million men by 2015 to help curb the AIDS epidemic plaguing the continent. Studies show that the procedure is one of the most effective “vaccines” against HIV, reducing the risk of infection in men by at least 60%, the New York Times reports. However, only about 600,000 men have had the operation so far and the clock is ticking — every missed day means more chances for infection. The main obstacle lies in a shortage of surgeons to provide circumcision, and provide it quickly. According to the Times, it takes a skilled surgeon about 15 minutes per circumcision and such doctors are hard to come by in Africa. Now, new circumcision devices on the market may help fill the demand. PrePex and Shang Ring are two devices under evaluation by the World Health Organization (WHO) to speed the process, Dr. Stefano Bertozzi, director of HIV for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation told the Times. The FDA approved PrePex just a few weeks ago. It was invented in 2009 by four Israelis, one a urologist who heard the plea for surgeons in Africa. Out of all similar devices, PrePex is so far the quickest, least bloody and least painful. It&#8217;s also remarkably simple — its technology is based on a rubber band. According to the Times: The band compresses the foreskin against a plastic ring slipped inside it; the foreskin dies within hours for lack of blood and, after a week, falls off or can be clipped off “like a fingernail,” said Tzameret Fuerst, the company’s chief executive officer, who compared the process to the stump of an umbilical cord’s shriveling up and dropping off a few days after it is clamped. (You can watch a video of PrePex being used on an adult patient here, but be warned, the images are explicit.) According to Dr. Jason Reed, an epidemiologist in the global AIDS division of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, PrePex could increase circumcisions to 400<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=52766&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/prepex.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
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			<media:title type="html">prepex</media:title>
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		<media:content url="http://0.gravatar.com/avatar/3e0fff6f288b824139ee77ed8fa06f12?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">healthlandstaff</media:title>
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		<title>L.A. Mayor Signs Law Requiring Condoms in Porn Films</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2012/01/25/l-a-mayor-signs-law-requiring-condoms-in-porn-films/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2012/01/25/l-a-mayor-signs-law-requiring-condoms-in-porn-films/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Jan 2012 16:45:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Madison Gray</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sex]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sexual Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Adult Films]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[condoms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Los Angeles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[porn]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=52174</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa signed into law this week an ordinance requiring porn actors to wear condoms while performing. The law will take effect 41 days after it is posted by the city clerk, which could happen before the end of the week, the Associated Press reports. Porn producers say the regulation may prompt them to leave L.A., which is regarded as the porn capital of the nation. As many as 90% of all porn films produced in the U.S. are made in L.A., mostly in the city&#8217;s San Fernando Valley. But porn producers, who insist that films with performers wearing condoms don&#8217;t sell as well as those without them, are threatening to move their productions outside of city limits. The L.A.-based AIDS Healthcare Foundation helped write the new law and has advocated for the regulation for many years. The group says condom requirements are crucial for protecting the health of porn actors — a cause that was bolstered by a recent moratorium on production after an L.A. adult-film actor tested positive for HIV. Production across the industry has been halted several times over the last decade because of concerns over HIV, the Los Angeles Times reports. Two porn performers who were infected with HIV have since become vocal advocates for mandatory condom use. The industry already requires porn actors to be tested for HIV every 30 days, and many film producers believe that is sufficient to protect health. The AIDS Healthcare Foundation is now seeking to establish a similar condom requirement in L.A. County. The group is hoping to get the issue on the ballot for L.A. County voters to consider in the November election, or convince the County Board of Supervisors to pass its own law. Yet to be determined: how the new law will be enforced. The law will require porn filmmakers to pay a fee, which will then be used to pay for surprise inspections on sets. The AIDS group&#8217;s president Michael Weinstein told the AP that spot checks may be done by nurses or other<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=52174&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link><featured_image>http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/newsfeed_adult_film_012412.jpg?w=240</featured_image>
		<media:thumbnail url="http://timewellness.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/newsfeed_adult_film_012412.jpg?w=240" />
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			<media:title type="html">Adult film actress Carmen Luvana</media:title>
		</media:content>

		<media:content url="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/a040f2b92f9b67e7a61358b7e6b78aac?s=96&#38;d=http%3A%2F%2Fs0.wp.com%2Fi%2Fmu.gif&#38;r=G" medium="image">
			<media:title type="html">joetimemag</media:title>
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		<title>Treatment as Prevention: How the New Way to Control HIV Came to Be</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2011/12/01/treatment-as-prevention-how-the-new-way-to-control-hiv-came-to-be/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2011/12/01/treatment-as-prevention-how-the-new-way-to-control-hiv-came-to-be/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Dec 2011 15:07:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Alice Park</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[condoms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[HIV]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[male circumcision]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[microbicides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pre-exposure prophylaxis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prep]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[world aids day]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=48145</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It was an all too familiar story to those who study HIV. Kimberly Page, an epidemiologist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), had just returned from Cambodia, where she had been conducting research on how to protect people from getting infected with the AIDS-causing virus. She felt she had made the best use of her time there, by targeting women in the commercial sex trade who are at especially high risk of contracting HIV. &#8220;She told me that it was devastating,&#8221; says Dr. Robert Grant, a professor medicine at UCSF and an investigator at the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology. &#8220;She said, &#8216;We provide them with condoms, we counsel them, provide HIV testing, and we help them think through some social solutions to avoid getting exposed.&#8217;&#8221; But women were still becoming infected with HIV at extremely high rates. &#8220;She didn&#8217;t know what to do,&#8221; Grant says. There wasn&#8217;t much she could do. It was 2001, and while treatments for HIV had advanced by leaps — with the introduction of powerful antiretroviral (ARV) drugs that could reduce the body&#8217;s levels of the virus to almost zero — the prevention effort had stalled. Yes, there were condoms, but using them wasn&#8217;t high on most people&#8217;s lists; for prostitutes and other oppressed women, using them wasn&#8217;t an option. Safe-sex counseling was proving only marginally effective, certainly not doing enough to dissuade anyone bent on having unprotected sex with multiple partners. Trials of one of the most promising new ways to prevent infection — a microbicide gel designed to kill the virus in vaginal cells — had just failed miserably. As for a vaccine against HIV, it seemed like a fantasy. Prevention efforts had hit a scientific, social and cultural wall. Then, in 2001, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a new anti-HIV drug called tenofovir. In theory, it was similar to the ARVs that had come before it, but tenofovir had some advantages over the older drugs, namely that it was a once daily pill and had relatively few<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=48145&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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	<primary_category>AIDS</primary_category><primary_category_link>http://healthland.time.com/category/medicine/aids/</primary_category_link>
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		<title>Bono Talks to TIME&#8217;s Rick Stengel About the Global Fight Against AIDS</title>
		<link>http://healthland.time.com/2011/12/01/bono-talks-to-times-richard-stengel-about-the-global-fight-against-aids/</link>
		<comments>http://healthland.time.com/2011/12/01/bono-talks-to-times-richard-stengel-about-the-global-fight-against-aids/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Dec 2011 12:45:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>TIME.com</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[AIDS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicine]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://healthland.time.com/?p=48156</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In commemoration of World AIDS Day, this year marking the 30th anniversary of the identification of the first cases of the disease, singer and activist Bono sat down with TIME&#8217;s managing editor, Rick Stengel, to talk about the global fight against HIV/AIDS. Mostly, what Bono brought was good news and good stories. He announces in this week&#8217;s issue of TIME (available to subscribers here) that the Obama administration may be poised to make a big commitment to funding that could at last help curb the march of the AIDS pandemic. &#8220;We can only be hopeful, but I have a funny feeling he&#8217;s not coming to our [World AIDS Day] event empty-handed. And what we&#8217;ve asked for is a commitment to move the 4 million people who are treated today by the United States for AIDS on PEPFAR to get to 6 million by 2013,&#8221; Bono says. &#8220;We think the President is going to commit to that, and if he does I will punch the air because it literally is the beginning of the end of AIDS.&#8221; Watch a slideshow and listen to Bono and Stengel&#8217;s talk below: &#8220;This is the moment where victory is within our grasp,&#8221; says Bono. &#8220;For some people, this is a really emotional moment, for people who have been at it longer than I have: the people in ACT UP, the people at amfAR, people in the gay community. You know, there&#8217;s somebody who&#8217;s coming to the event &#8230; [who] lost four roommates. His four roommates died in the United States in the &#8217;80s at the beginning of this.&#8221; Bono spoke glowingly about the United States&#8217; leadership in the fight against AIDS, calling this country&#8217;s efforts the &#8220;greatest heroic act since America jumped into the Second World War.&#8221; It is an &#8220;extraordinary thing that the United States has done, which is in the war against this tiny little virus, which has caused so much destruction and heartache, American leadership has been the turning point,&#8221; Bono says, mustering all the Irish charm that propelled U2 through decades<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=healthland.time.com&#038;blog=8684427&#038;post=48156&#038;subd=timewellness&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
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